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We lead with research. Solutions follow naturally.

Research Focus

We’re solving blockchain trilemmas

All blockchain solutions are designed with cryptographic and distributed computing primitives, but their designs vary in terms of speed, security, and decentralization. Most have had to face the trilemma of choosing a trade-off between these qualities. Our research team's core focus has been to devise protocols that resolve this trilemma once and for all. We're building solutions that harness better performance at lower costs with higher degrees of decentralization and security. That's the principal problem we're cracking at the cryptographic, protocol, and crypto-economic design level.

The tech behind Supra

Explore our solutions and how they apply with our growing series of Whitepapers.

Appchain Model

Supra Containers

Presenting Supra Containers, a unique appchain model that creates flexible pockets of dedicated blockspace within Supra L1, reserved for current and future throughput needs of dApps. Containers gives builders a great deal of freedom and control to customize their gas fees, gas tokens, and governance. It lets them create appchain-like experiences at a fraction of the cost, with a much simpler setup process.

FIRST PUBLISHED: September, 2024

Oracle Protocol

Distributed Oracle Agreement (DORA)

Presenting our novel Distributed Oracle Agreement (DORA) protocol - a highly resilient and efficient oracle protocol.

In this paper, we describe how agreement distance allows us to redefine agreement among nodes and how leveraging State Machine Replication (SMR) allows us to tolerate Byzantine failures of up to 49% in our DORA protocol.

First Published: JANUARY 26, 2023

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dVRF Protocol

Supra Distributed dVRF Service

Presenting Supra dVRF Service for generating verifiable random values in the Web3 ecosystem. We provide a smart-contract based flexible dVRF service framework, that is fully decentralized via a threshold cryptographic architecture.

It offers several new features - among them output-privacy, which enhances the utility of dVRF in the blockchain space and reduces the gas cost significantly.

First Published: January 26, 2023

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Consensus Protocol

Moonshot Consensus Algorithm

Introducing Moonshot, a new family of high throughput, low latency blockchain-based SMR protocols characterized by Optimistic Proposal. We primarily cover Chained Moonshot, a variant of Moonshot that relies on vote broadcasting and QC Chaining.

In our experiments, Chained Moonshot produced 54.9% higher throughput and 41.1% lower latency than Jolteon, a state-of-the-art blockchain-based SMR protocol.

First Published: July 12, 2023

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Cross-chain Bridgeless Consensus

HyperNova Bridgeless Service

HyperNova is a trustless bridge design wherein the bridge nodes only act as relayers and NOT as validators of information so that the source and destination chain themselves validate the events from the other chain. This removal of the possibility of the corruption by the (middlemen) bridge nodes yields a higher level of security than of multi-sig bridges, of the level of source and destination chains.

FIRST PUBLISHED: October 27, 2023

The $SUPRA Token

supra-token-utility

Supra will be a cross-chain IntraLayer, enabling automation across Web2 and Web3 via secure and scalable smart contract interoperability — with the $SUPRA token harmonising incentives of all network participants.

In this document, we highlight Supra’s overarching vision and the expanded utility of the $SUPRA token.

Our research areas

We’re working on multiple, interconnected areas.

Distributed protocols

  • Consensus Protocol
  • Reliable Transaction Dissemination
  • Distributed Oracles
  • Sharding

Cryptography

  • On-chain Randomness
  • Zero Knowledge
  • Multi Party Computation
  • Verifiable Computing
  • Key Management & Recovery

DeFi / TradFi

  • Tokenomics
  • Crosschain DEX
  • Market Makers
  • Proof of Liquidity
  • Bridges

Security

  • Software Testing
  • DevSecOps
  • Internal Audits
  • Crypto-economic Security

Parallel Execution

  • Multi core execution
  • Containers
  • Access-Specification based execution

Programming Languages and Formal Methods

  • Compilers
  • Program Analysis
  • Formal Verification of Distributed Protocols
  • Theorem Proving
  • Model Checking

Watch our research walkthroughs

SUPRA TECH

Supra Abstraction

Dr. Aniket Kate
Dr. Aniket Kate

An introduction to Supra's research breakthroughs in blockchain protocol designs with a quick overview by Dr. Aniket Kate, our Chief Research Officer and research team lead.

Video length: 9mins

Oracles

Distributed Oracle Agreements (DORA)

Dr. Saurabh Joshi
Dr. Saurabh Joshi

In this video, Dr. Saurabh Joshi describes how agreement distance allows us to redefine agreement among nodes and how leveraging State Machine Replication (SMR) allows us to tolerate Byzantine failures of up to 49% in our DORA protocol.

Video length: 24mins

dVRF Protocols

Supra Distributed dVRF

Dr. Pratyay Mukherjee
Dr. Pratyay Mukherjee

Dr. Pratyay walks us through a smart-contract based flexible dVRF service framework, that is fully decentralized via a threshold cryptographic architecture.

It offers several new features - among them output-privacy, which enhances the utility of dVRF in the blockchain space and reduces the gas cost significantly.

Video length: 18mins

Consensus Protocol

Moonshot Consensus

Dr. Raghavendra Ramesh
Dr. Raghavendra Ramesh
Isaac Doidge
Isaac Doidge

In this video, we introduce the Moonshot Consensus protocol, a new family of high throughput, low latency blockchain-based SMR protocols characterized by Optimistic Proposal.

Video length: 20mins

Publication library

Read selected works by Supra’s world class researchers to learn more about what makes our team tick.

SUPRATECH |Preprint

KeyClub and RandRec: Two New Social Key Recovery Schemes

Aniket Kate, Pratyay Mukherjee, Pratik Sarkar, Bhaskar Roberts, Hamza Saleem

FIRST PUBLISHED: Sept 27, 2024 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

Supra Containers as App-Chains for Efficient Parallel Execution of Transactions

Raghavendra Ramesh, Joshua Tobkin and Parwat Singh Anjana

FIRST PUBLISHED: JULY 10, 2024 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

IntraLayer: A Platform of Digital Finance Platforms

Arman Abgaryan, Utkarsh Sharma

FIRST PUBLISHED: June, 2024 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

Sailfish: Towards Improving the Latency of DAG-based BFT

Nibesh Shrestha, Aniket Kate, Rohan Shrothrium and Kartik Nayak

46th IEEE Symposium on Security and Privacy, 2025

FIRST PUBLISHED: MAY 2, 2024 |

SUPRATECH |Publication

Formally Verifying the Safety of Pipelined Moonshot Consensus Protocol

Raghavendra Ramesh, Praveen Manjunatha and Isaac Doidge

FIRST PUBLISHED: March 25, 2024 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

HyperLoop: Rationally Secure Cross-chain Bridge

Easwar V. Mangipudi, Joshua Tobkin and Raghavendra Ramesh

FIRST PUBLISHED: December 8, 2023 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

Proof of Efficient Liquidity: A Staking Mechanism for Capital Efficient Liquidity

Arman Abgaryan, Utkarsh Sharma and Joshua Tobkin

FIRST PUBLISHED: October 28, 2023 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

HyperNova Bridgeless Service

Raghavendra Ramesh and Aniket Kate

FIRST PUBLISHED: October 27, 2023 |

SUPRATECH |Publication

FlexiRand: Output Private (Distributed) VRFs and Application to Blockchains

Aniket Kate, Pratyay Mukherjee, Easwar V. Mangipudi and Siva Maradana

30th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2023

LATEST VERSION: JULY 28, 2023 |

SUPRATECH |Publication

Moonshot: Optimistic Proposal for Blockchain-Based State Machine Replication

Isaac Doidge, Raghavendra Ramesh, Joshua Tobkin and Nibesh Shrestha

54th Annual IEEE/IFIP International Conference on Dependable Systems and Networks (DSN), 2024

LATEST VERSION: JULY 12, 2023 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

Non-interactive VSS using Class Groups and Application to DKG

Aniket Kate, Easwar Vivek Mangipudi, Pratyay Mukherjee, Hamza Saleem, Sri Aravinda Krishnan Thyagarajan

31th ACM Conference on Computer and Communications Security (CCS), 2024

LATEST VERSION: MAY 24, 2022 |

SUPRATECH |Publication

DORA: Distributed Oracle Agreement with Simple Majority

Saurabh Joshi, Aniket Kate, Joshua Tobkin and David Yang

43rd IEEE International Conference on Distributed Computing Systems (ICDCS), 2023

LATEST VERSION: MAY 12, 2023 |

SUPRATECH |Preprint

Dynamic Function Market Maker

Arman Abgaryan and Utkarsh Sharma

LATEST VERSION: FEBRUARY 25, 2023 |

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